Feedback — Week 4 Quiz

Which of the following are usability problems that could affect the outcome of an election?

(Check all that apply.)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
Banner Blindness	Correct	0.20	See 7.1 for an explanation and example of banner blindness
Chain voting	Correct	0.20
Complex ballot layouts	Correct	0.20	Voters may be confused and vote incorrectly
Miscalibrated DRE displays	Correct	0.20	Could cause voters to accidentally vote for the wrong candidate
Voter coercion	Incorrect	0.00
Total		0.80 / 1.00

Which of the following would be considered best practices for a ballot design?

(Check all that apply)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
Simple instructions	Correct	0.20	Voters might skip instructions if they are too long
Distinguish races from each other using different fonts or colors	Correct	0.20	Inconsistent typography makes the ballot harder to read and understand
Easy-to-follow columns and organization	Correct	0.20	Voters generally have a mental model of how a ballot should work
Large text	Incorrect	0.00	Helps voters who have poor eyesight
Show races as densely as possible on the page	Correct	0.20	This may create confusion for voters, especially if it forces races to span multiple columns
Total		0.80 / 1.00

A blind voter requests that his wife help him fill out the ballot and vote. What security issues would this raise?

(Check all that apply.)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
The assistant could deliberately mark down choices that don’t match the voter’s intent	Correct	0.25
Allowing this would violate the voter’s secret ballot	Correct	0.25
Allowing this would violate the ballot’s accessibility	Incorrect	0.00
Voters are required to be able to read the ballot on their own.	Incorrect	0.00	This would disenfranchise all blind voters. In fact, in the U.S., elections are required to accommodate voters with disabilities.
Total		0.50 / 1.00

Which of the following reasons are valid reasons to vote absentee in some U.S. states?

Check all that apply.

Your Answer		Score
Serving in the military overseas	Correct	0.25
Travelling outside the country	Correct	0.25
Being sick or unable to travel to the polling place	Correct	0.25
No excuse; some states allow anyone to absentee vote	Incorrect	0.00
Total		0.75 / 1.00

Why is a privacy envelope used to conceal a mail-in ballot inside the mailing envelope?

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
So poll workers that remove the outer envelope don’t see both the voter’s name and the voter’s ballot	Correct	1.00
Total		1.00 / 1.00

Which of the following are client-side threats in Internet voting systems?

(Check all that apply)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
Credential Theft	Correct	0.25	Voters could sell or have their voter credentials stolen
Coercion	Correct	0.25	Voters could be coerced by employers, spouses, or friends to vote for a particular candidate
Insider attacks	Incorrect	0.00	Insider attacks predominately apply to the server side of Internet voting systems
Malware	Correct	0.25	Malware on a voter’s computer could change who the voter votes for
Total		0.75 / 1.00

Why is it easier to secure online banking than Internet voting?

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
Banks have employees, while an Internet voting system would have volunteers running the election, which are less trusted	Incorrect	0.00	It’s possible for Internet voting systems to also have employees, however, insider attacks happen even in banks with employees.
Total		0.00 / 1.00

Which threats are present with Internet voting that are not significant threats to postal (mail-in) voting?

(Check all that apply)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
Malware	Correct	0.25
Distributed Denial of Service	Incorrect	0.00	Mail-in distributed denial of service would cost considerably more than the electronic form of this attack.
Insider threats	Incorrect	0.00	Insiders can change votes on both Internet and postal voting
Coercion	Incorrect	0.00	Spouses and employers can still coerce voters in postal voting scenarios
Total		0.25 / 1.00

Why might Internet voting systems be less secure than voting by DRE?

Check all that apply.

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
DRE software can be written securely, while websites cannot	Incorrect	0.00	Actually, DRE software can be just as vulnerable to attacks as websites used for Internet voting
Internet voting is exposed to more attackers	Correct	0.25	Internet voting systems are open to remote attacks due to the nature of being connected to the Internet.
DREs can be tested by researchers while Internet voting systems cannot	Incorrect	0.00	Both DREs and Internet voting systems have been tested by researchers (and problems have been found in both). Furthermore, testing by researchers does not mean the system is secure.
Software is developed more in secret by private companies	Correct	0.25	DRE voting software and Internet voting software both can be developed by private companies
Total		0.50 / 1.00

Why isn’t a public penetration test of an Internet voting system sufficient to deem it secure?

(Check all that apply.)

Your Answer		Score	Explanation
The voting system may not actually run the same code that was used for the test	Correct	0.25
There could be other vulnerabilities beyond those discovered and fixed in testing	Correct	0.25
Allowing the public to test the system can only make it less secure	Incorrect	0.00	Actually, public testing has uncovered important vulnerabilities in the past. Criminal attackers could try to penetrate the system anyway, during the real election.
Server-side penetration testing cannot expose malware present on voters’ computers	Incorrect	0.00
Total		0.50 / 1.00

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